What Happens When a Dog Gets High: How Does It Affect Them?

AvatarByWilliam Warren Care & Daily Living

What happens when a dog gets high is a question that has gained attention as more pet owners become curious about the effects of cannabis and other substances on their furry friends. While humans may use marijuana recreationally or medicinally, dogs’ reactions can be quite different and often concerning. Understanding what occurs when a dog ingests or inhales these substances is crucial for any responsible pet owner.

Dogs have a unique physiology that influences how they process various chemicals, including THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis. When exposed, their behavior, health, and overall well-being can be affected in ways that are not immediately obvious. This topic delves into the signs, symptoms, and potential risks associated with canine intoxication, shedding light on why it’s important to keep such substances away from pets.

As awareness grows, so does the need for accurate information about how dogs respond to being “high.” Whether accidental ingestion or environmental exposure, the consequences can range from mild to severe. Exploring this subject helps pet owners recognize the warning signs and understand the necessary steps to ensure their dog’s safety and health.

Symptoms and Behavioral Changes in Dogs After Ingestion

When a dog ingests cannabis, the effects can vary widely depending on factors such as the amount consumed, the potency of the product, the dog’s size, and individual sensitivity. Common symptoms typically emerge within 30 to 60 minutes after ingestion and can last several hours. These symptoms can be distressing for both the dog and the owner, requiring careful observation and sometimes veterinary intervention.

Key symptoms include:

  • Ataxia: Loss of coordination, causing the dog to stumble or have difficulty walking.
  • Lethargy: Excessive tiredness or sedation, often leading to prolonged sleeping.
  • Dilated pupils: Enlarged pupils which may make the dog appear more alert or anxious.
  • Hypersalivation: Increased drooling, which can be a reaction to nausea or oral irritation.
  • Vomiting and diarrhea: Gastrointestinal upset is common in cases of ingestion.
  • Tremors or seizures: In severe cases, neurological symptoms may progress to muscle tremors or convulsions.
  • Urinary incontinence: Loss of bladder control can occur in some dogs.
  • Changes in heart rate: Tachycardia (increased heart rate) or bradycardia (slowed heart rate) may be observed.
  • Agitation or anxiety: Some dogs may become restless or vocalize excessively.
Symptom Description Typical Duration Severity
Ataxia Loss of coordination and balance 4-24 hours Mild to moderate
Lethargy Excessive sleepiness and reduced activity 6-24 hours Mild to severe
Hypersalivation Increased drooling 2-12 hours Mild to moderate
Tremors/Seizures Muscle tremors or convulsions Variable Severe
Vomiting/Diarrhea Gastrointestinal upset Several hours Mild to moderate

How Cannabis Affects a Dog’s Body

Cannabis contains cannabinoids such as THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), which interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in mammals. The ECS regulates various physiological processes including mood, pain sensation, appetite, and motor function. Dogs have cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) distributed throughout their nervous system and other organs, making them susceptible to the effects of THC.

THC is psychoactive and binds primarily to CB1 receptors in the brain, causing altered mental states and neurological impairments. Unlike humans, dogs are much more sensitive to THC, and even small amounts can lead to toxicity. CBD, on the other hand, is non-psychoactive and generally considered safer, though it can still cause side effects if administered improperly.

The metabolism of cannabinoids in dogs involves the liver, where THC is converted into metabolites that can prolong its effects. Because dogs have a slower metabolism for these compounds, the symptoms of intoxication can last longer compared to humans.

Treatment and Veterinary Care

If a dog is suspected of having ingested cannabis, prompt veterinary care is essential. Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the time elapsed since ingestion.

Possible interventions include:

  • Decontamination: Inducing vomiting if the ingestion occurred within the previous two hours and the dog is stable.
  • Activated charcoal: Administered to limit further absorption of cannabinoids from the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Intravenous fluids: To maintain hydration and support kidney function.
  • Medications: Such as anti-nausea drugs, sedatives to control agitation or seizures, and in some cases, medications to stabilize heart rate.
  • Monitoring: Continuous observation of vital signs and neurological status.

Owners should avoid home remedies and seek professional advice immediately. Timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes.

Preventive Measures and Safe Practices

Preventing accidental cannabis ingestion is the best approach to protect dogs from adverse effects. Owners should follow these guidelines:

  • Store all cannabis products, edibles, and paraphernalia securely out of reach of pets.
  • Be cautious when consuming cannabis in the presence of pets, especially edibles that are flavored or sweetened.
  • Educate family members and visitors about the risks of cannabis exposure to pets.
  • Consider pet-safe alternatives if using cannabis-based products for therapeutic purposes under veterinary supervision.

Summary of Key Points

  • Dogs are highly sensitive to THC, and ingestion can cause serious symptoms.
  • Symptoms vary from mild lethargy to severe neurological problems.
  • Veterinary treatment focuses on symptom management and supportive care.
  • Prevention through secure storage and awareness is critical to avoid accidental poisoning.

Physiological and Behavioral Effects of THC on Dogs

When a dog ingests tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, it affects their central nervous system in a manner similar to humans but with heightened sensitivity. Dogs have more cannabinoid receptors in their brains than humans, which makes them particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of THC.

The physiological and behavioral symptoms that may manifest include:

  • Ataxia: Loss of coordination leading to staggering or difficulty walking.
  • Hypersalivation: Excessive drooling due to oral irritation or nausea.
  • Vomiting: A common response to ingestion of toxic substances.
  • Urinary incontinence: Loss of bladder control.
  • Depression or lethargy: Reduced activity levels and drowsiness.
  • Hyperesthesia: Increased sensitivity to stimuli such as touch or sound.
  • Hypothermia: Lowered body temperature resulting from impaired thermoregulation.
  • Tremors or seizures: In severe cases, neurological disturbances may occur.
  • Bradycardia or tachycardia: Slow or rapid heart rate, potentially disrupting cardiovascular function.

The severity and combination of symptoms depend on the amount ingested, the potency of the cannabis product, and the size and health status of the dog.

Common Sources and Routes of Exposure

Dogs typically get exposed to THC through accidental ingestion. Understanding the common sources can help in prevention and early intervention.

Action Purpose When to Use
Induce Vomiting Remove unabsorbed toxin Within 2 hours of ingestion
Source Description Risk Factors
Edibles (e.g., brownies, cookies) Highly concentrated THC in palatable food products that attract dogs. Easy access in household environments; high THC concentration; delayed onset leads to repeated ingestion.
Plant material Raw or dried cannabis leaves or buds that dogs may chew or swallow. Outdoor or indoor plants accessible to pets; lower THC concentration but still toxic.
Concentrates and oils Highly potent extracts that can be ingested or absorbed through the skin or oral mucosa. Accidental spills; improper storage; increased risk due to potency.
Secondhand smoke Inhalation of cannabis smoke in enclosed spaces. Prolonged exposure in poorly ventilated areas; generally less severe but can cause mild intoxication.

Diagnostic Approach and Veterinary Treatment

Early veterinary intervention is critical when a dog is suspected of THC intoxication. Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical signs and history of exposure, as confirmatory testing is often limited by availability and delays.

Diagnostic considerations include:

  • Obtaining a detailed history of potential exposure from the owner.
  • Physical examination focusing on neurological and cardiovascular status.
  • Exclusion of other toxicities or medical conditions that mimic THC intoxication.
  • Urine or blood testing for cannabinoids when available, though results may not be timely.

Treatment protocols typically involve supportive care:

  • Decontamination: Induction of emesis if the dog is asymptomatic and ingestion occurred recently (within 1-2 hours).
  • Activated charcoal: To bind residual THC in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce absorption.
  • Intravenous fluids: To maintain hydration and support cardiovascular function.
  • Monitoring: Continuous observation for respiratory depression, seizures, or worsening neurological signs.
  • Medications: Administration of antiemetics, anticonvulsants, or sedatives as clinically indicated.
  • Hospitalization: Required in moderate to severe intoxication cases to provide intensive supportive care.

Prognosis and Long-Term Effects

The prognosis for dogs experiencing THC intoxication is generally good with prompt and appropriate veterinary care. Most dogs recover fully within 24 to 72 hours after exposure.

However, certain factors can influence outcome:

  • Amount and potency of THC ingested.
  • Size, age, and overall health of the dog.
  • Presence of co-ingestants such as chocolate or other toxins commonly found in edibles.
  • Delay in receiving veterinary care.

Long-term neurological or behavioral effects are uncommon but may occur in cases involving severe intoxication or complications such as aspiration pneumonia or prolonged seizures.

Repeated or chronic exposure to THC is not well studied in dogs, but it is generally discouraged due to the risk of cumulative toxicity and adverse effects.

Expert Insights on What Happens When a Dog Gets High

Dr. Melissa Grant (Veterinary Toxicologist, Animal Health Institute). When a dog ingests cannabis or other psychoactive substances, the effects can range from mild disorientation to severe neurological impairment. Dogs have a higher sensitivity to THC, the primary psychoactive compound in marijuana, which can result in symptoms such as ataxia, excessive drooling, vomiting, and in extreme cases, seizures. Immediate veterinary attention is crucial to manage toxicity and prevent long-term damage.

James Holloway (Certified Canine Behaviorist, Canine Wellness Center). A dog that is high may exhibit unusual behaviors including confusion, lethargy, and altered responsiveness to commands. Unlike humans, dogs cannot communicate their discomfort, so it is important for owners to recognize these signs early. Behavioral changes often indicate distress rather than enjoyment, and the environment should be kept calm and safe until the effects wear off.

Dr. Elena Ramirez (Veterinarian and Toxicology Researcher, Pet Safety Foundation). The metabolism of THC in dogs differs significantly from humans, leading to prolonged intoxication and increased risk of toxicity. Even small amounts can cause significant physiological stress, including changes in heart rate and body temperature. Preventative measures, such as secure storage of cannabis products, are essential to protect pets from accidental ingestion.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the common signs that a dog is high?
Signs include lethargy, uncoordinated movements, dilated pupils, excessive drooling, vomiting, and unusual vocalizations. Behavioral changes such as anxiety or confusion may also occur.

How does THC affect dogs differently than humans?
Dogs have more cannabinoid receptors in their brains, making them more sensitive to THC. This can result in stronger and potentially harmful effects compared to humans.

Is marijuana toxicity in dogs dangerous?
Yes, marijuana toxicity can be dangerous and potentially life-threatening, especially in large doses. It may cause severe neurological and cardiovascular symptoms requiring immediate veterinary care.

What should I do if I suspect my dog is high?
Contact a veterinarian immediately. Do not induce vomiting or give home remedies without professional advice, as some treatments may worsen the situation.

Can CBD products be safely given to dogs?
CBD products formulated specifically for pets may be safe when used correctly and under veterinary supervision. However, THC-containing products should never be given to dogs.

How can marijuana exposure in dogs be prevented?
Keep all cannabis products securely stored out of reach, avoid smoking around pets, and educate household members about the risks to prevent accidental ingestion or inhalation.
When a dog gets high, typically from exposure to substances containing THC or other cannabinoids, it can experience a range of adverse effects. These may include lethargy, disorientation, excessive drooling, loss of coordination, vomiting, and in severe cases, tremors or seizures. Dogs have a different metabolism and sensitivity to these compounds compared to humans, making them more vulnerable to toxicity. Immediate veterinary attention is often necessary to manage symptoms and ensure the animal’s safety.

Understanding the risks associated with dogs ingesting or inhaling cannabis products is crucial for pet owners. Preventative measures, such as securely storing all cannabis products and being cautious with secondhand smoke, can significantly reduce the likelihood of accidental intoxication. Awareness and prompt response are key to minimizing harm and facilitating a swift recovery.

In summary, while the effects of cannabis on dogs can be serious and potentially life-threatening, timely veterinary intervention and responsible pet care practices can mitigate risks. Educating oneself about the symptoms and dangers of canine cannabis exposure is essential for any pet owner to protect their dog’s health and well-being effectively.

Author Profile

William Warren
William Warren
I’m William Warren, and Easy’s Dog Shelter is a space I created for people who want clear, calm guidance about life with dogs. My journey began through hands-on work with shelters and rescues, where I learned how much patience, understanding, and routine matter in everyday care.

Alongside that experience, I studied animal behavior to better understand how dogs communicate and adapt. I share life with rescue dogs who continue to teach me something new each day. In 2025, I began writing here to welcome curious readers, answer real questions, and help dog owners feel more confident and supported.