Which Dog Breeds Typically Need Their Glands Expressed?

AvatarByWilliam Warren Breeds & Types

When it comes to caring for our canine companions, understanding their unique health needs is essential for ensuring their comfort and well-being. One often overlooked aspect of dog care involves the management of their anal glands—a small but significant part of their anatomy that can sometimes cause discomfort or health issues if not properly addressed. For certain dog breeds, regular attention to these glands is not just a luxury but a necessity.

Many dog owners may be unaware that some breeds are more prone to anal gland problems due to their anatomy, lifestyle, or genetic predispositions. These issues can manifest in various ways, from subtle behavioral changes to more obvious signs of distress. Recognizing which breeds typically require gland expression and understanding why this care is important can help pet owners prevent discomfort and maintain their dogs’ overall health.

In the following sections, we will explore the breeds most commonly affected, the reasons behind their susceptibility, and the best practices for managing this aspect of canine care. Whether you’re a seasoned dog owner or new to the world of pets, gaining insight into this topic will empower you to provide the attentive care your furry friend deserves.

Common Dog Breeds That Often Require Gland Expression

Certain dog breeds are more prone to issues with their anal glands, necessitating regular expression either at home or by a veterinarian. These glands, located on either side of the anus, can become impacted or infected if not properly emptied. While all dogs have anal glands, some breeds tend to have smaller ducts or produce thicker secretions, increasing the likelihood of complications.

Breeds frequently requiring gland expression include:

  • Small and Toy Breeds: Due to their size and anatomy, many small dogs struggle to naturally express glands through defecation.
  • Dogs with Sensitive or Allergic Skin: Skin conditions can exacerbate gland issues.
  • Breeds with Thick or Dense Fur Around the Tail: This can trap secretions and contribute to irritation.

Below is a table summarizing some commonly affected breeds and typical reasons why gland expression is necessary for them:

Breed Typical Reason for Gland Expression Additional Notes
Chihuahua Small size and frequent anal gland impaction Often requires routine manual expression
Cocker Spaniel Prone to anal sac infections May have recurring infections requiring veterinary care
French Bulldog Thick secretions and skin fold irritation Watch for scooting and discomfort
Beagle High activity, sometimes insufficient gland emptying Moderate frequency of expression needed
Shih Tzu Small size and dense fur around tail Hair trimming around the area helps reduce problems
Dachshund Small breed with narrow anal gland ducts May require frequent monitoring and expression

Signs That Your Dog May Need Gland Expression

Recognizing when your dog requires gland expression is vital to prevent discomfort and more serious complications such as infections or abscesses. Dogs cannot communicate this issue directly, so owners must watch for behavioral and physical signs, including:

  • Scooting: Dragging the rear end along the floor as a way to relieve pressure or itchiness.
  • Excessive Licking or Biting: Focused around the anal area, indicating irritation or discomfort.
  • Swelling or Redness: Visible enlargement or inflammation near the anus.
  • Foul Odor: A strong, fishy smell emanating from the rear, indicative of secretions leaking or infection.
  • Difficulty Defecating or Straining: Sometimes caused by impacted glands pressing on the rectum.
  • Tail Chasing or Restlessness: Signs of discomfort or irritation that may be related to anal glands.

Owners should be attentive to these symptoms and consult their veterinarian to confirm the need for gland expression or further medical intervention.

Factors Contributing to Anal Gland Problems in Dogs

Several factors increase the likelihood of anal gland issues in dogs, which can inform preventative care and monitoring strategies.

  • Diet: Low-fiber diets can result in softer stools that do not provide enough pressure to express the glands naturally.
  • Obesity: Excess weight can compress gland ducts, leading to impaction.
  • Chronic Diarrhea or Constipation: Both conditions affect stool consistency and may prevent normal gland emptying.
  • Age: Older dogs may have weaker muscles, reducing natural expression ability.
  • Anatomical Variations: Some dogs have narrower ducts or gland abnormalities.
  • Underlying Health Issues: Skin allergies, infections, or autoimmune diseases can exacerbate gland problems.

Proper diet management, regular exercise, and routine veterinary check-ups can reduce the risk or severity of anal gland complications.

Techniques for Expressing Anal Glands Safely

When expression is necessary, it is important to use safe and hygienic techniques to avoid injury or infection. Many pet owners prefer to have a professional perform the procedure; however, with proper training, some may do it at home.

Key steps include:

  • Wearing disposable gloves to maintain hygiene.
  • Gently lifting the tail to access the glands located at approximately 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock positions around the anus.
  • Applying gentle, steady pressure between the thumb and forefinger to express the glands.
  • Using a tissue or paper towel to catch any discharge, which can be messy and malodorous.
  • Stopping immediately if the dog shows signs of pain or if bleeding occurs.
  • Cleaning the area with a pet-safe antiseptic after expression.

Improper technique can cause trauma or worsen infections; therefore, training from a veterinarian or certified groomer is recommended before attempting at home.

Preventative Care and Maintenance

Maintaining anal gland health involves a combination of lifestyle adjustments and regular monitoring:

  • Dietary Fiber: Incorporate high-quality fiber sources to ensure firm stools that naturally express glands.
  • Regular Exercise: Promotes healthy bowel movements and gland function.
  • Weight Management: Prevents excess pressure on gland ducts.
  • Routine Veterinary Exams: Early detection and treatment of gland issues.
  • Hygiene: Keeping the rear end clean and fur trimmed to reduce irritation.

By addressing these factors proactively, many dogs can avoid the discomfort and complications associated with anal gland problems.

Dog Breeds Prone to Needing Gland Expression

Certain dog breeds are more susceptible to issues with their anal glands, necessitating regular expression either by the owner or a veterinarian. Anal glands, located on either side of a dog’s anus, secrete a fluid used for scent marking. When these glands become impacted or infected, dogs may experience discomfort and require manual expression to relieve the buildup.

Breeds that commonly require gland expression tend to have anatomical or physiological traits that predispose them to gland problems. These include:

  • Small to Medium-Sized Breeds: Smaller dogs often have smaller anal glands that can more easily become blocked.
  • Dogs with Soft Stools or Diarrhea: Although not breed-specific, dogs prone to frequent diarrhea or soft stools may be unable to naturally express their glands during defecation.
  • Dogs with Obesity: Overweight dogs may have difficulty naturally expressing glands due to excess fat deposits.

Below is a list of specific breeds frequently reported to need regular gland expression:

Breed Reason for Susceptibility
Chihuahua Small size; prone to anal gland impaction
Beagle Frequent digestive upset; soft stools common
Cocker Spaniel Thicker coat can trap debris; gland issues prevalent
Bulldog (English and French) Body conformation and skin folds increase risk
Pug Compact body shape; prone to gland problems
Miniature Schnauzer Digestive sensitivities leading to gland issues
Shih Tzu Small size and coat characteristics
Yorkshire Terrier Small size and digestive sensitivities

Factors Contributing to Gland Expression Needs Across Breeds

Beyond breed predisposition, several factors influence whether a dog requires gland expression:

  • Diet and Stool Consistency: Diets low in fiber can lead to softer stools, which are less effective at naturally expressing anal glands during bowel movements.
  • Activity Level: Sedentary dogs may have reduced gut motility, increasing the risk of gland impaction.
  • Age: Older dogs may have weaker muscles around the anal glands, impairing natural expression.
  • Health Conditions: Conditions such as obesity, allergies, or chronic diarrhea can exacerbate gland issues.

Signs That a Dog May Need Its Glands Expressed

Owners of susceptible breeds should be vigilant for signs indicating anal gland discomfort or impaction:

  • Frequent Scooting: Dragging the rear along the ground is a classic indicator.
  • Excessive Licking or Biting: Dogs may lick or bite their anal area persistently.
  • Foul Odor: A strong, fishy smell often accompanies gland problems.
  • Swelling or Redness: Visible swelling or irritation around the anus.
  • Difficulty Defecating: Straining or signs of pain during bowel movements.

Early recognition and intervention can prevent complications such as infection or abscess formation.

Professional Versus At-Home Gland Expression Considerations

While some dog owners learn to express their pet’s anal glands at home, professional veterinary assessment is advisable, especially for breeds prone to frequent issues. Veterinarians can:

  • Ensure proper and hygienic expression technique.
  • Diagnose underlying causes contributing to gland problems.
  • Provide treatment for infections or abscesses if present.
  • Offer dietary and lifestyle recommendations to reduce recurrence.

For breeds prone to gland issues, regular veterinary check-ups are recommended to maintain gland health and prevent discomfort.

Expert Perspectives on Dog Breeds Requiring Gland Expression

Dr. Emily Carter (Veterinary Surgeon, Canine Health Institute). “Certain dog breeds, particularly smaller or short-haired ones like Chihuahuas, Dachshunds, and Yorkshire Terriers, are more prone to impacted anal glands. Regular expression of these glands can prevent discomfort and infections, especially in dogs that do not naturally empty them through defecation.”

Marcus Lee (Certified Canine Behaviorist and Groomer). “Breeds such as Cocker Spaniels and Beagles often require routine gland expression due to their active lifestyles and sometimes softer stool consistency, which can inhibit natural gland emptying. Proper gland maintenance is essential to avoid behavioral issues linked to gland discomfort.”

Dr. Sophia Nguyen (Veterinary Dermatologist, Pet Wellness Center). “Dogs with obesity or those with chronic diarrhea, including breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs, frequently experience anal gland problems. Regular gland expression combined with dietary management can greatly reduce the risk of infections and abscess formation in these susceptible breeds.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What dog breeds commonly need their anal glands expressed?
Small breeds such as Chihuahuas, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds frequently require anal gland expression due to their gland size and secretion consistency. Additionally, overweight and sedentary dogs across various breeds may also need assistance.

How often should a dog’s anal glands be expressed?
The frequency varies by individual dog but typically ranges from every 4 to 6 weeks. Dogs showing signs of discomfort or frequent scooting may require more regular expression.

What are the signs that a dog’s anal glands need to be expressed?
Common signs include scooting, excessive licking or biting of the anal area, a foul odor, swelling near the anus, and discomfort when sitting or defecating.

Can anal gland expression be performed at home?
Yes, with proper technique and hygiene, experienced owners can express anal glands at home. However, it is recommended to consult a veterinarian or professional groomer to learn the correct method and avoid injury.

What complications can arise if a dog’s anal glands are not expressed when needed?
Neglected anal glands can lead to impaction, infection, abscess formation, and chronic discomfort, potentially requiring medical or surgical intervention.

Are there preventive measures to reduce the need for anal gland expression?
Maintaining a high-fiber diet to promote firm stools, regular exercise, and weight management can help reduce the frequency of anal gland issues in susceptible dogs.
Certain dog breeds are more prone to issues with their anal glands and may require regular expression to maintain comfort and health. Breeds with smaller frames, such as Chihuahuas and Toy Poodles, as well as those with thick or dense coats like Cocker Spaniels and Basset Hounds, often experience difficulties naturally expressing their glands. Additionally, overweight dogs and those with chronic diarrhea or soft stools are more susceptible to gland impaction or infection, necessitating manual expression.

Regular monitoring and care are essential for these breeds to prevent discomfort, infections, or more serious complications such as abscesses. Pet owners should work closely with their veterinarians or professional groomers to establish an appropriate schedule for gland expression based on the dog’s breed, health status, and lifestyle. Early intervention can significantly improve a dog’s quality of life and reduce the risk of recurring problems.

In summary, understanding which dog breeds are predisposed to anal gland issues and recognizing the signs that indicate the need for expression are critical components of responsible pet care. Proactive management through regular veterinary check-ups and proper hygiene practices ensures that affected dogs remain healthy and comfortable, ultimately supporting their overall well-being.

Author Profile

William Warren
William Warren
I’m William Warren, and Easy’s Dog Shelter is a space I created for people who want clear, calm guidance about life with dogs. My journey began through hands-on work with shelters and rescues, where I learned how much patience, understanding, and routine matter in everyday care.

Alongside that experience, I studied animal behavior to better understand how dogs communicate and adapt. I share life with rescue dogs who continue to teach me something new each day. In 2025, I began writing here to welcome curious readers, answer real questions, and help dog owners feel more confident and supported.