Can a Dog Get a Cyst? Exploring Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

AvatarByWilliam Warren Care & Daily Living

Dogs are beloved members of our families, and as pet owners, we want to ensure they stay healthy and happy. When unusual lumps or bumps appear on your furry friend, it’s natural to feel concerned and wonder what they might be. One common question that arises is: can a dog get a cyst? Understanding this possibility is key to recognizing when your pet might need veterinary attention.

Cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can develop under the skin or within organs, and just like humans, dogs can develop them too. These growths can vary in size, location, and cause, making it important for pet owners to be aware of their signs and implications. While some cysts are harmless and may not require treatment, others could indicate underlying health issues that need to be addressed.

In the following sections, we will explore what cysts are in dogs, how to identify them, and when it’s crucial to seek veterinary care. By gaining a clearer understanding of canine cysts, you’ll be better equipped to care for your dog’s health and well-being.

Types of Cysts Commonly Found in Dogs

Dogs can develop various types of cysts, each differing in origin, location, and characteristics. Understanding these types helps in identifying and managing the cysts effectively. The most commonly encountered cysts in dogs include:

  • Sebaceous Cysts: These arise from blocked sebaceous glands and are filled with oily or cheesy material. They often occur on the skin and may rupture if irritated.
  • Epidermoid Cysts: Formed from the epidermis, these cysts contain keratin and usually develop just beneath the skin.
  • Follicular Cysts: Associated with hair follicles, these cysts occur when the follicle becomes blocked or damaged.
  • Pilar Cysts: Similar to epidermoid cysts but typically found on the scalp or near hair follicles.
  • Ganglion Cysts: Typically found near joints or tendons, these cysts contain a thick, jelly-like fluid.
  • Aural Cysts: Found in the ear canal or on the pinna, these cysts can cause discomfort or infections.

Symptoms and Signs of Cysts in Dogs

The presence of a cyst in a dog is often noticed as a lump or swelling beneath the skin. Although many cysts are benign and asymptomatic, certain signs may indicate the cyst requires veterinary attention:

  • Visible lump or swelling that may fluctuate in size
  • Redness or inflammation around the cyst site
  • Discharge of pus or fluid if the cyst ruptures
  • Itching or discomfort, causing the dog to scratch or lick the area
  • Hair loss around the cyst
  • Pain or sensitivity, especially if the cyst is infected or pressing on nerves

If any of these symptoms occur, particularly rapid growth or changes in the cyst’s appearance, a veterinary evaluation is recommended to rule out infections or malignancies.

Diagnosis of Cysts in Dogs

Diagnosing cysts in dogs involves a combination of physical examination and diagnostic tests to confirm the nature of the lump and differentiate cysts from other growths such as tumors or abscesses.

  • Physical Examination: Veterinarians palpate the lump to assess texture, mobility, and size.
  • Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): A needle is inserted into the lump to withdraw cells or fluid for microscopic examination.
  • Biopsy: A small tissue sample is surgically removed for histopathological analysis if malignancy is suspected.
  • Imaging: Ultrasound or X-rays may be used to evaluate cysts located deeper within tissues or near vital organs.
Diagnostic Method Purpose When Used
Physical Examination Initial assessment of lump characteristics All suspected cyst cases
Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Sample collection for cytology When cyst nature is unclear
Biopsy Definitive tissue diagnosis Suspected malignancy or atypical cysts
Imaging (Ultrasound/X-ray) Assess deeper cysts or involvement of internal structures Deep or complex cysts

Treatment Options for Canine Cysts

Treatment depends on the cyst type, size, location, and whether it is causing symptoms. Many cysts require minimal intervention unless complications arise.

  • Monitoring: Small, asymptomatic cysts may be left alone with regular observation.
  • Surgical Removal: Recommended for cysts that are large, infected, recurrent, or causing discomfort. Complete excision reduces the risk of recurrence.
  • Drainage: In some cases, draining the cyst contents can provide temporary relief but is generally not a permanent solution.
  • Antibiotics: Prescribed if the cyst is infected or inflamed.
  • Steroid Injections: May be used to reduce inflammation in certain cysts.

Post-surgical care typically involves keeping the area clean and preventing the dog from licking or scratching the site to promote healing.

Preventive Measures and Management

While not all cysts can be prevented, certain measures can reduce the risk or severity of cyst formation:

  • Regular grooming to prevent clogged hair follicles and sebaceous glands
  • Prompt treatment of skin infections or injuries
  • Maintaining a balanced diet and healthy weight to support skin health
  • Routine veterinary check-ups to detect lumps early

Owners should monitor any lumps for changes in size, shape, or behavior and seek veterinary advice promptly to ensure timely management.

Understanding Cysts in Dogs

Cysts in dogs are fluid-filled or semi-solid sacs that can develop in various tissues throughout the body. These growths are generally benign but can sometimes cause discomfort or indicate underlying health issues. Understanding the nature of cysts is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Types of cysts commonly found in dogs include:

  • Epidermoid cysts: These arise from the skin and are filled with keratin and cellular debris.
  • Sebaceous cysts: Formed from blocked sebaceous glands, containing oily or greasy material.
  • Follicular cysts: Develop from hair follicles and may appear as raised bumps on the skin.
  • Ganglion cysts: Occur near joints or tendons, filled with synovial fluid.
  • Ovarian cysts: Affect female dogs’ reproductive organs, potentially impacting fertility.

While cysts are generally non-cancerous, some may mimic tumors or other skin conditions, so veterinary evaluation is important.

Causes and Risk Factors for Cysts in Dogs

The exact cause of cyst formation in dogs varies depending on the type and location, but several common factors contribute to their development:

  • Blocked glands or follicles: Accumulation of secretions in sebaceous or hair follicle glands can lead to cyst formation.
  • Infections or inflammation: Chronic irritation or infections may trigger cyst development.
  • Genetic predisposition: Certain breeds are more prone to specific cyst types.
  • Hormonal imbalances: Particularly in reproductive cysts, hormonal shifts can influence cyst growth.
  • Trauma or injury: Damage to skin or tissues can sometimes result in cyst formation during the healing process.
Risk Factor Explanation Examples
Breed Predisposition Genetic tendency toward cyst development Shar Peis, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds
Age Older dogs are more likely to develop cysts Middle-aged to senior dogs
Hormonal Changes Fluctuations affecting gland activity Intact females with ovarian cysts
Skin Trauma Injury leading to abnormal tissue growth Bites, cuts, or surgical scars

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Cysts in Dogs

Symptoms of cysts in dogs depend on the cyst type and location but often include the following:

  • Visible lumps or bumps under the skin
  • Swelling or localized enlargement
  • Discomfort or pain when touched
  • Redness or inflammation around the cyst
  • Occasional discharge if the cyst ruptures

To diagnose cysts, veterinarians typically perform a combination of clinical examination and diagnostic tests, such as:

  • Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): Sampling cyst contents for microscopic evaluation.
  • Biopsy: Surgical removal of a small tissue sample for histopathology.
  • Imaging: Ultrasound or X-rays to assess internal cysts or deeper tissue involvement.
  • Blood tests: To rule out infection or systemic illness.

Treatment Options for Canine Cysts

Treatment depends on cyst size, location, symptoms, and whether the cyst is infected or causing discomfort. Common approaches include:

  • Observation: Small, asymptomatic cysts may be monitored without immediate intervention.
  • Drainage: Aspiration of cyst contents to reduce size, though cysts may refill.
  • Surgical removal: Complete excision is preferred for recurrent, large, or problematic cysts.
  • Antibiotics: Used if there is secondary bacterial infection.
  • Anti-inflammatory medications: To reduce pain and inflammation.

Choosing the appropriate treatment should be guided by a veterinarian to avoid complications such as infection or cyst rupture.

Preventive Measures and Monitoring

While not all cysts can be prevented, the following measures can help reduce their likelihood or ensure early detection:

  • Regular grooming and skin inspections, especially for breeds prone to cysts.
  • Prompt treatment of skin infections or injuries.
  • Spaying female dogs to reduce the risk of ovarian cysts.
  • Maintaining a healthy diet and weight to support overall skin health.
  • Veterinary check-ups for early identification and management of lumps.

Expert Insights on Canine Cysts

Dr. Emily Hartman (Veterinary Dermatologist, Canine Health Institute). A dog can indeed develop cysts, which are typically benign fluid-filled sacs that form under the skin. These cysts often arise from blocked hair follicles or sebaceous glands and can vary in size and location. While most cysts are harmless, it is important to monitor them for any changes in size, color, or discomfort, as these could indicate infection or other complications requiring veterinary evaluation.

Mark Reynolds (Certified Veterinary Technician, Animal Care Clinic). In my experience, cysts in dogs are relatively common and can present as sebaceous cysts or epidermoid cysts. These growths usually do not cause pain unless they rupture or become infected. Treatment may not be necessary unless the cyst interferes with the dog’s mobility or quality of life. Surgical removal is often recommended for persistent or problematic cysts to prevent recurrence and ensure proper healing.

Dr. Sophia Nguyen (Veterinary Oncologist, Pet Wellness Center). While cysts are generally benign, it is crucial to differentiate them from other types of lumps, including tumors. A thorough veterinary examination, often involving fine needle aspiration or biopsy, helps determine the nature of the cyst. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are key to preventing complications and ensuring the overall health of the dog.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can a dog develop cysts?
Yes, dogs can develop cysts. These are typically benign fluid-filled sacs that can appear on the skin or within organs.

What causes cysts in dogs?
Cysts in dogs may result from blocked hair follicles, infections, genetic factors, or underlying health conditions.

Are cysts in dogs dangerous?
Most cysts are harmless and do not cause pain, but some can become infected or indicate more serious issues requiring veterinary evaluation.

How can I tell if my dog has a cyst?
Cysts usually appear as small, round lumps under the skin that may be soft or firm and can vary in size.

Should a cyst in my dog be treated?
Treatment depends on the cyst’s size, location, and whether it causes discomfort or infection. A veterinarian can determine if removal or monitoring is necessary.

Can cysts in dogs be prevented?
While not all cysts can be prevented, maintaining good hygiene and regular veterinary check-ups can help detect and manage cysts early.
Dogs can indeed develop cysts, which are fluid-filled sacs that can occur anywhere on or beneath the skin. These cysts are typically benign and may arise from blocked hair follicles, glands, or other tissues. While many cysts do not cause significant health issues, their presence should be monitored closely for changes in size, appearance, or discomfort to the dog.

It is important for pet owners to recognize the signs of cysts and seek veterinary evaluation to determine the nature of the lump. A veterinarian can perform diagnostic tests such as fine needle aspiration or biopsy to distinguish cysts from other types of growths, including tumors. Treatment options may vary depending on the cyst’s size, location, and whether it is causing any problems for the dog.

Overall, while cysts in dogs are common and often harmless, proactive veterinary care ensures proper diagnosis and management. Early intervention can prevent complications such as infection or rupture, thereby maintaining the dog’s comfort and health. Regular check-ups and attentive observation remain key components in managing any abnormal lumps or bumps on a dog’s body.

Author Profile

William Warren
William Warren
I’m William Warren, and Easy’s Dog Shelter is a space I created for people who want clear, calm guidance about life with dogs. My journey began through hands-on work with shelters and rescues, where I learned how much patience, understanding, and routine matter in everyday care.

Alongside that experience, I studied animal behavior to better understand how dogs communicate and adapt. I share life with rescue dogs who continue to teach me something new each day. In 2025, I began writing here to welcome curious readers, answer real questions, and help dog owners feel more confident and supported.