How Often Should Dogs Get Bordetella Shots?

AvatarByWilliam Warren Dog Health & Wellness

When it comes to keeping our canine companions healthy and happy, vaccinations play a crucial role in preventing contagious diseases. Among these, the Bordetella vaccine is often highlighted as an essential safeguard, especially for dogs that frequently interact with other pets. But how often should dogs get Bordetella shots to ensure optimal protection? This question is a common concern for many dog owners who want to maintain their pets’ well-being without over-vaccinating.

Understanding the frequency of Bordetella vaccinations involves considering various factors, including your dog’s lifestyle, environment, and risk of exposure. While some dogs may require regular boosters, others might only need the vaccine under specific circumstances. Navigating these nuances can be confusing, but gaining clarity on this topic is key to making informed decisions about your dog’s health care routine.

In the following sections, we will explore the importance of the Bordetella vaccine, the factors influencing vaccination schedules, and expert recommendations. Whether you’re a first-time dog owner or looking to update your pet’s vaccination plan, this guide will help you understand how often Bordetella shots should be administered to keep your furry friend protected.

Frequency of Bordetella Vaccination

The frequency at which dogs should receive Bordetella vaccinations depends on several factors including the type of vaccine used, the dog’s lifestyle, and the risk of exposure to kennel cough. Bordetella bronchiseptica is a common cause of canine infectious respiratory disease complex, and vaccination is a key preventive measure.

Most veterinarians recommend that dogs receive an initial Bordetella vaccine followed by regular booster shots to maintain immunity. The general guidelines are as follows:

  • Initial vaccination: Puppies can be vaccinated as early as 8 weeks of age. Some protocols may start earlier depending on the risk.
  • Booster shots: After the initial dose, a booster is typically given 1 year later.
  • Annual or semi-annual boosters: Depending on the dog’s risk of exposure, boosters may be given annually or every 6 months.

Dogs that frequently interact with other dogs in environments such as boarding kennels, dog parks, grooming salons, or training classes are at a higher risk of contracting kennel cough and should adhere to a stricter vaccination schedule.

Types of Bordetella Vaccines and Their Schedules

There are three main types of Bordetella vaccines available: injectable, intranasal, and oral. Each type has a slightly different administration schedule and duration of immunity.

  • Injectable vaccine: Administered subcutaneously, this vaccine generally requires an annual booster.
  • Intranasal vaccine: Given as a nasal spray, it may provide protection faster and can require boosters every 6 to 12 months.
  • Oral vaccine: Administered orally, this vaccine also typically requires boosters every 6 to 12 months.

Because the intranasal and oral vaccines stimulate local immunity in the respiratory tract, they are often preferred for dogs with a higher risk of exposure.

Vaccine Type Initial Dose Booster Frequency Typical Duration of Immunity Administration Route
Injectable 8 weeks or older Annually 12 months Subcutaneous injection
Intranasal 8 weeks or older Every 6–12 months 6–12 months Nasal spray
Oral 8 weeks or older Every 6–12 months 6–12 months Oral administration

Risk Factors Influencing Vaccination Frequency

The decision on how frequently a dog should receive Bordetella vaccinations should take into account individual risk factors. These include:

  • Exposure to high-risk environments: Dogs that are frequently boarded, participate in dog shows, or attend daycare have increased exposure to respiratory pathogens.
  • Age and health status: Puppies and older dogs or those with compromised immune systems may require more frequent boosters.
  • Local disease prevalence: In areas where kennel cough outbreaks are common, more frequent vaccination may be necessary.
  • Previous vaccination history: Dogs with an incomplete vaccination history may need a series of vaccinations to establish immunity.

Veterinarians will tailor the vaccination schedule based on these factors to optimize protection.

Recommendations from Veterinary Organizations

Leading veterinary bodies provide guidelines for Bordetella vaccination frequency:

  • The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) recommends annual vaccination for most dogs, with more frequent boosters considered for high-risk animals.
  • The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) suggests intranasal or oral vaccines may be given every 6 months for dogs in frequent contact with other dogs.
  • Some kennel and boarding facilities require proof of vaccination within 6 to 12 months prior to admittance.

Adhering to these guidelines helps reduce the incidence and severity of kennel cough in susceptible populations.

Monitoring and Adjusting Vaccination Schedules

Once a dog has started Bordetella vaccination, regular monitoring and consultation with a veterinarian are essential to maintain effective immunity. Adjustments to the schedule may be warranted due to:

  • Changes in lifestyle or exposure risks, such as starting daycare or boarding.
  • Occurrence of adverse reactions or allergies to the vaccine.
  • Emerging strains of Bordetella or other respiratory pathogens that may influence vaccine choice.

Veterinarians may also recommend antibody titer testing in some cases to assess immunity status, though this is not routine for Bordetella.

By customizing vaccination schedules based on risk and response, pet owners can ensure their dogs remain protected against Bordetella bronchiseptica and the associated respiratory diseases.

Recommended Frequency for Bordetella Vaccination in Dogs

The Bordetella vaccine, designed to protect dogs from kennel cough, is an essential part of preventive veterinary care, especially for dogs that are frequently in contact with other dogs or in environments like boarding facilities, dog parks, or grooming salons. The frequency of administration depends on several factors including the dog’s lifestyle, health status, and the type of vaccine used.

The typical vaccination schedule for Bordetella is as follows:

  • Initial vaccination: Puppies can receive the Bordetella vaccine as early as 8 weeks of age.
  • Booster dose: A booster is generally recommended 1 year after the initial vaccine.
  • Annual revaccination: Most adult dogs should receive a booster annually to maintain immunity.

In some cases, veterinarians may recommend more frequent boosters based on the dog’s exposure risk or the type of vaccine administered.

Types of Bordetella Vaccines and Their Impact on Frequency

There are several formulations of the Bordetella vaccine, and the recommended frequency can vary depending on the vaccine type:

Vaccine Type Route of Administration Typical Duration of Immunity Recommended Booster Frequency
Intranasal Spray into nostrils Approximately 6 months Every 6 months for high-risk dogs; annually for others
Oral Oral gel or tablet Approximately 12 months Annually
Injectable (Subcutaneous) Injection under the skin Approximately 12 months Annually

Intranasal vaccines tend to stimulate a quicker immune response but may require more frequent dosing compared to oral or injectable types. Your veterinarian will recommend the most appropriate vaccine type and schedule based on your dog’s specific circumstances.

Factors Influencing Bordetella Vaccination Frequency

The recommended frequency of Bordetella vaccination is not a one-size-fits-all guideline. Several factors should be considered when determining how often your dog should receive the vaccine:

  • Exposure risk: Dogs that are regularly boarded, attend doggy daycare, participate in dog shows, or frequently visit dog parks may require boosters every 6 months.
  • Local regulations and facility requirements: Many boarding and grooming facilities require proof of Bordetella vaccination within the last 6 to 12 months.
  • Dog’s health status: Immunocompromised dogs or those with chronic illnesses may have different vaccination schedules as advised by a veterinarian.
  • Previous vaccination history: Dogs previously vaccinated may maintain immunity longer than unvaccinated dogs.
  • Vaccine type used: As previously outlined, intranasal vaccines often require more frequent boosters compared to injectable or oral vaccines.

Signs That a Bordetella Booster May Be Needed Sooner

While following a standard vaccination schedule is important, certain signs or situations may necessitate an earlier booster:

  • Increased exposure to high-risk environments, such as a sudden boarding stay or participation in a dog event.
  • Outbreaks of kennel cough reported in the local community or boarding facilities.
  • Immunosuppression or illnesses that may reduce vaccine efficacy.
  • Veterinarian recommendation based on antibody titer testing or clinical judgment.

Consulting Your Veterinarian for a Customized Bordetella Vaccination Plan

Given the variability in vaccination needs, a consultation with your veterinarian is essential to tailor a Bordetella vaccination schedule that best suits your dog’s lifestyle and health conditions. Your veterinarian will consider:

  • Your dog’s age and health status
  • History of Bordetella vaccination and any adverse reactions
  • Risk factors related to environment and social interactions
  • Local disease prevalence and vaccine availability

By working closely with a veterinary professional, you can ensure optimal protection for your dog against Bordetella bronchiseptica and reduce the risk of kennel cough outbreaks.

Expert Recommendations on Bordetella Vaccination Frequency for Dogs

Dr. Emily Carter (Veterinary Immunologist, Canine Health Institute). “Dogs that are frequently in contact with other dogs, such as those attending daycare or boarding facilities, should receive Bordetella vaccinations every six months to maintain optimal immunity. For less exposed dogs, an annual booster is generally sufficient, but veterinarians should tailor the schedule based on individual risk factors and local disease prevalence.”

Mark Jensen, DVM (Small Animal Practitioner, Greenfield Veterinary Clinic). “The Bordetella vaccine is typically administered annually; however, in high-risk environments, such as shelters or dog parks, a six-month interval is advisable. It is important to use intranasal or oral vaccines for faster immunity onset in these cases. Pet owners should consult their veterinarian to determine the best vaccination frequency based on their dog’s lifestyle.”

Dr. Sophia Nguyen (Professor of Veterinary Medicine, University of Animal Health Sciences). “Current guidelines recommend that dogs receive the Bordetella vaccine at least once a year, with some situations warranting more frequent boosters every six months. Puppies should begin the series at 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster three to four weeks later. Ongoing vaccination schedules should be adjusted according to exposure risk and regional Bordetella outbreaks.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the Bordetella vaccine for dogs?
The Bordetella vaccine protects dogs against Bordetella bronchiseptica, a primary bacterium responsible for kennel cough, a contagious respiratory disease.

How often should dogs receive Bordetella shots?
Dogs typically require a Bordetella vaccine annually; however, some dogs at higher risk may need it every six months, depending on their lifestyle and veterinarian recommendations.

Are there different types of Bordetella vaccines available?
Yes, Bordetella vaccines come in injectable, oral, and intranasal forms, each with specific administration protocols and durations of immunity.

When should puppies receive their first Bordetella vaccine?
Puppies can receive their first Bordetella vaccine as early as 8 weeks of age, with a booster given 2 to 4 weeks later for optimal protection.

Can Bordetella vaccines cause side effects in dogs?
Side effects are generally mild and may include sneezing, coughing, or mild lethargy; severe reactions are rare but require immediate veterinary attention.

Is the Bordetella vaccine mandatory for all dogs?
The vaccine is not mandatory for all dogs but is strongly recommended for dogs frequently exposed to other dogs, such as those attending kennels, dog parks, or grooming facilities.
Dogs should receive Bordetella vaccinations based on their individual risk factors and lifestyle, with many veterinarians recommending annual boosters to maintain effective protection. Puppies typically receive their initial Bordetella vaccine around 8 weeks of age, followed by a booster 2 to 4 weeks later. For adult dogs, especially those frequently exposed to other dogs in environments such as kennels, dog parks, grooming salons, or daycare facilities, yearly vaccination is advised to reduce the risk of kennel cough and related respiratory infections.

The method of vaccination—whether intranasal, oral, or injectable—may influence the timing and frequency of boosters, so consultation with a veterinarian is essential to determine the most appropriate schedule for each dog. Dogs with lower exposure risks may require less frequent vaccination, but maintaining regular communication with a veterinary professional ensures that the dog’s health needs are met effectively.

Ultimately, the Bordetella vaccine plays a crucial role in preventing contagious respiratory illnesses in dogs, and adhering to recommended vaccination schedules helps safeguard canine health and public welfare. Pet owners should prioritize these vaccinations as part of a comprehensive preventive health care plan, tailored to their dog’s specific environment and lifestyle factors.

Author Profile

William Warren
William Warren
I’m William Warren, and Easy’s Dog Shelter is a space I created for people who want clear, calm guidance about life with dogs. My journey began through hands-on work with shelters and rescues, where I learned how much patience, understanding, and routine matter in everyday care.

Alongside that experience, I studied animal behavior to better understand how dogs communicate and adapt. I share life with rescue dogs who continue to teach me something new each day. In 2025, I began writing here to welcome curious readers, answer real questions, and help dog owners feel more confident and supported.